Sources & methodology

Data sources, calculations and guidance for interpreting the results.

Data sources

Regiolume uses official and public-sector publications, particularly the Regionaldatenbank Deutschland and the 2022 census results database. Additional sources include the Federal Employment Agency, VGRdL, KBV and the German Meteorological Service.

Each indicator documents its original source, definition, unit, reference period and calculation under “Definition, sources & methodology”. Regiolume is an independent presentation, not an official publication.

Calculations

Published observations are used directly or transformed into documented indicators. Numerators and denominators must refer to compatible periods and areas. State and national references come from matching original sources or complete, methodologically valid aggregates. Rates are calculated from the corresponding totals, not as unweighted averages of regional rates.

Only complete, non-overlapping partitions add up to a total; subsets and group-specific rates cannot simply be added. DWD climate indicators are area-weighted grid means based on BKG district land areas. District values with less than 95% grid coverage remain unavailable.

Missing data and comparability

“No data” or “—” does not mean zero. Missing or confidential observations are not estimated or replaced with other areas or intermediate values. A reported zero remains visible as 0. Missing references indicate a gap in the data used here.

Census baseline changes, revised definitions and boundary reforms can limit comparisons; the relevant notes accompany each indicator. Direct census observations refer to 15 May 2022. Annual series retain gaps for missing observations; multi-year surveys connect existing observations without generating intermediate values. Map colours apply to the current selection.

Data & reuse

Reuse is subject to the licences and terms of the original source. For data covered by the Data licence Germany – attribution 2.0, name the provider, link the dataset and licence, and identify modifications.

The information is provided for reference. Verify figures relevant to decisions against the official original sources. Report errors with the indicator, area and period to [email protected].